NT station | Lies in dougong– a centuries-old building method invented in China

新闻快讯（中英结合，先中后英） A 研究发现 受教育程度越高的人越会说谎 The most educated people are the biggest liars, a study says. 一项研究表明，受教育程度最高的人最会说谎。 It found that the honesty scores of those who did not complete secondary school was nearly twice that of those with postgraduate degrees. 该研究发现，没完成中学学业的人的诚实分数，是研究生的近两倍。 One theory is that more educated people may be better able to calculate the risks of being caught out lying. 一种理论认为，受教育程度越高的人就能更好地计算被人识破说谎的风险。 Middlesex University researchers analysed data on 6,000 people from deception tests used by psychologists. 密德萨斯大学的研究人员对6000人的数据进行了分析，该数据来源于心理学家进行的欺骗测试。 Overall, men told more fibs than women. But while age had no effect, education had a significant impact. 整体上来看，男人比女人说的谎更多。虽然年龄没有影响，但是说谎却和受教育程度显著相关。 Postgraduates had the lowest honesty rating, followed by graduates. Next were people who had vocational training, then those who completed secondary education. 研究生的诚信评级最低，紧随其后的是学士毕业生。其次是职业学校毕业生和中学毕业生。 The highest honesty rating was scored by those who did not finish school. 诚信评级最高的是那些从没完成过学业的人。 Notably, education had no effect on telling altruistic 'white lies' that benefit another person at a cost for the liar. 值得注意的是，受教育程度的高低并不会影响人们损己利人讲“善意的谎言”。 Dr Valerio Capraro, who led the study, said: 'In order to lie, people must be aware of consequences and that requires some computational abilities, which may be more likely to be found in educated people.' 领导该项研究的瓦莱里奥·卡普拉罗博士表示：“为了撒谎，人们必须注意到这样做的后果，那需要一定的计算能力。而受教育程度高的人更可能具备这种能力。” B 故宫古建的抗震功夫是如何炼成的 Beijing’s Forbidden City is a place full of wonder. From its thousands of rooms to its many beautiful artifacts, there’s no wonder it’s one of China’s most popular tourist destinations. 北京的故宫是个神奇之地，从成千上万间房间到无数精美的工艺品，它成为中国最受欢迎的旅游景点之一也不足为奇了。 But even more than 600 years after it was built, it’s still managing to serve up surprises. 但就在故宫建成600多年后的今天，它依然在不断地给人们带来惊喜。 Since it was built during the Ming Dynasty, it’s estimated that the Forbidden City has survived more than 200 earthquakes. 故宫初建于明代，据估算，故宫至今已经历了200多次地震。 And while most structures aren’t made to survive natural disasters, let alone ones built hundreds of years ago, it seems that the Forbidden City was built to withstand anything. 大多数建筑都无法抵御天灾，更不必说那些百年老建筑了，然而故宫却似乎能经受住一切考验。 A recent television documentary by UK broadcaster Channel 4 explored the skills of the ancient building’s designers. A group of Chinese carpenters and engineers were shown building a scale model of one of the Forbidden City’s palaces, at one fifth of the size. 英国广播公司第4频道近日推出的一部电视记录片就探索了这一古建筑的设计师们所采用的技巧。在片中，一群中国工匠们按照1:5的比例制作了故宫一处宫殿的模型。 To show how strong ancient Chinese architecture really is, the model was put to the test. It was subjected to a simulated earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale – equivalent to the largest ever recorded quake – and survived. Instead of falling apart, the model was just moved gently during the test. 为了展示中国古建筑有多么坚固，人们还对该模型进行了测试。它经受了一场里氏9.5级的模拟地震——相当于有记载以来的最强地震强度——却依然屹立不倒。在测试过程中，模型并没有坍塌，只是发生了些许位移而已。 According to experts, the answer to the Forbidden City’s strength, as well as other ancient Chinese structures’, lies in dougong– a centuries-old building method invented in China. 专家表示，故宫以及其他中国古建筑屹立不倒的答案就在于斗拱——一种流传数百年的中式建筑方法。 This is the name for special brackets on buildings. Despite being held together without any nails or glue, the brackets are perfect at keeping structures together when the weather gets rough. 斗拱指的是建筑中的一种特殊构件。它既没有使用钉子，也不用粘合剂，却依然能在恶劣天气中牢牢地组装在一起。 “Dougong design is an important earthquake-resistant feature of classical Chinese structures because the frameworkchanges in shape when under pressure, much like the shock absorbers of a car,” according to Chinese National Geography. 据《中国国家地理》报道，“斗拱设计是中国古典建筑结构中一大重要的抗震特点，其原理在于，遇到压力时，该框架将会改变形状，就像汽车的减震器一样。” “Ancient Chinese craftsmen created structures that were both enduring and aestheticallypleasing [using dougong], revealing their advanced understanding of mathematics, architecture, materials, and structural science.” “中国古代工匠创造了斗拱这一既坚固又美观的结构，体现了他们在数学、建筑、材料以及结构科学方面的深入理解。” The Forbidden City draws visitors because of its rich history and cultural significance, but perhaps it should add one more thing to its list of attractions: earthquake shelter. 故宫因其悠久的历史以及文化意蕴吸引了无数游客，但或许它的魅力还得再加上这一点:地震庇护所。 板块二:一分钟英语English in a Minute Part one Welcome to English in a Minute! 欢迎来到《一分钟英语》栏目！ Dominoes is an old game. DOMINO EFFECT 多米诺骨牌是一种古老的游戏。多米诺骨牌效应 So, is this what happens after you play dominoes for too long? 所以，多米诺骨牌效应就是你玩了很长时间多米诺骨牌之后的反应么？ So, I'm going to China next month. How was your trip there? 下个月我就要去中国了。你上次去中国的旅行怎么样啊？ Difficult. I missed my flight in Los Angeles 太艰难了。我错过了洛杉矶的飞机， which made me miss my connecting flight in Hong Kong which made me miss my train in Shanghai. 这就导致我错过了香港转机的航班，最后我又错过了上海的火车。 Wow! That is quite the domino effect. 哇！这真的是多米诺骨牌效应。 It was an international domino effect. 这是国际版的多米诺骨牌效应。 Dominoes is a game. But people also use the tiles in this way. 多米诺骨牌是一种游戏。但是人们也会这样使用骨牌。 They knock the first tile over, which knocks over the second, then the third, and so on. 他们碰倒第一枚骨牌，然后第一枚骨牌碰倒第二枚骨牌，然后依次碰倒第三枚以及后面的骨牌。 So, a "domino effect" is when one event causes a series of other things to happen. 所以，“多米诺骨牌效应”就是指一件事情引发一系列其他事情的发生。 Part two An owl is a kind of bird found all over the world. Night Owl 猫头鹰是一种鸟，遍布世界各地。夜猫子。 Why would you describe a person as a "night owl?" 为什么你会把一个人描述为“夜猫子”呢？ Well, I did it. I finished Apartment of Cards. 哇，我做到了。我看完了《纸牌公寓》。 How? You just started watching the show last week! 怎么可能？你上周才刚开始看。 I have always been a night owl, Jonathan. So I've been staying up late to get through the show. 乔纳森，我是个夜猫子啊。所以我一直熬夜看完了这部剧。 You haven't been sleeping at all, have you? 你根本没睡觉，是么？ A "night owl" is someone who stays up late. Owls are most active at night. “夜猫子”是指那些睡得很晚的人。猫头鹰在夜间最为活跃。 That is where this experssion comes from. 这个表述就出自这里。 The opposite of a "night owl" is an "early bird" -- someone who favors waking up very early in the morning. 与“夜猫子”相对的就是“早起的人”--就是那些很喜欢在早上起很早的人。 And that's English in a Minute! 以上就是今天的《一分钟英语》栏目！感谢收听！！