高级班第三课：全球肥胖和超重儿童及青少年增加

高级班第三课：全球肥胖和超重儿童及青少年增加 A new study provides evidence of a sharp increase in the number of obese and overweight children and young adults worldwide in just 40 years. Obesity is a condition in which the body stores large, unhealthy amounts of fat. Obese individuals are considered overweight. 一项新的研究证明，全球肥胖和超重儿童及青少年的数量在短短四十年内急剧增加。肥胖是指身体存储了达到不健康程度的大量脂肪。肥胖者被认为是体重超重。 The most striking changes have taken place in Middle Income Countries in areas such as East Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, and Latin America. The WHO defines Middle Income Countries as places where a person normally earns between $1,045 and $12,736 every year.东亚、中东、北非和拉丁美洲这些地区的中等收入国家发生的变化最为明显。世界卫生组织将中等收入国家定义为人均年收入在1045到12736美元之间的地方。 Researchers say the world's obesity problem is a result of food marketing and poor policymaking in many areas. In general, young people are not to blame. 研究人员表示，全球的肥胖问题是食品营销和许多领域政策制定不完善造成的结果。一般来说，这不能怪到青少年头上。 Rather than sort of being an individual's choice, it's hard environments that people choose their foods in – healthy foods being priced out of reach, and especially out of reach of poor, and unhealthy foods being marketed aggressively, together with perhaps not having a safe playing area for children, that are leading to weight gain."“这并非个人的选择。人们很难去选择价格超出他们能力之外的健康食物，尤其是穷人。而且不健康食品在积极推销，再加上可能没有安全的儿童游戏区域，从而导致体重增加。” Being overweight can cause many diseases later in life, including heart disease, stroke, diabetes and some cancers.Obesity also has a big effect on children, with some evidence suggesting it can affect their educational performance.超重可能会导致以后患上多种疾病，包括心脏病、中风、糖尿病以及一些癌症。肥胖对儿童也有很大影响，有部分证据表明，它会影响儿童的学习表现。 children should be spending less time playing games on the Internet or watching television, and instead turn to more physical activities and sports. Obese children are likely to become obese adults. This means they risk early death from obesity-related diseases.孩子们应该少花时间玩网游或看电视，要转向健身活动和体育活动。肥胖儿童可能会成长为肥胖成年人，这意味着他们会冒着肥胖相关疾病导致的早逝风险。