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音频配套文本如下:
accurate adj. 精确的,准确的;正确无误的;
actually adv. 实际上的;
addition n.附加(物);
in addition 此外,另外;
in addition to… 除...之外;
address n.地址;致词;
v. 向...讲话,演说;
opening address 开幕词
address the meeting 向大会致词
adopt v. 收养;采纳;
advantage n.优点,长处,有利条件;利益,好处;
afford v.支付得起,花得起(时间、钱);提供;
agent n. 中介,代理商,代表;特工;
agreement n.同意,一致;协定,协议;
alone adj.单独的,独自,独身的;
adv.仅仅;单独地,独自;
leave alone 任其自然
let alone 更不用说;
amazing adj.令人惊异的;
ambition n.野心,雄心壮志;
amount n.量,总额;
amusement n.游戏,娱乐;
amusing adj.有趣的;
ancient adj.古代的,古老的;
apology n.道歉,认错;
arrange v.整理;安排;
arrest v. 逮捕;控制;吸引;
assistant n.助手,助理;
atmosphere n. 大气,空气;气氛,环境
attack n/v攻击,抨击
attend v.出席,参加;照顾,护理;
audience n.观众,听众;
automatic adj.自动的;无意识的;
available adj.可获得的,有空的;
average adj.平均的;典型的;
n. 平均水平;
award v.授予,奖给;
n. 奖品;裁定书;
aware adj.意识到的;知道的;察觉到的
awful adj.可怕的,糟糕的,极坏的;
(摘自2007年阅读真题)
During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities.
🌳劈树:本句中共有两个谓语成份:“could count on”,“has been transformed”,可以将原句切分为两个独立的小分句。
第一分句为:During the past generation, the American middle-class family… has been transformed by economic risk and new realities;
第二分句为:that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure;
🍀造竹:第一分句为主句,第二分句为“that”引导定语从句,修饰“theAmerican middle-class family”,“that”在定语从句中作主语。
难词(词组)及在句中的含义
middle-classfamily (中产阶级家庭)
count on(动词词组:指望)
fairplay (名词词组:公平竞争)
financially(经济方面的)
secure (安全)
transform(转变)
economicrisk (名词词组:经济风险)
分句详解
第一分句为:During thepast generation, the American middle-class family… has been transformed by economic risk and new realities;
“During the past generation”是时间状语,“the past generation”的含义为“过去的一代”,“During the past generation”的含义为“在过去一代人的时间里”;
“the American middle-classfamily”的含义为“美国中产阶级家庭”;
“has been transformed”是完成时态的被动语态,含义为“得以改变”;
“economic risk and newrealities”的含义为“经济风险与新的现实”;
“by”表示“由于,因为”;
🍁第一分句翻译为:在过去一代人的时间里,美国中产阶级家庭(状况)已经由于经济风险与新的现实而得以改变;
第二分句为:that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure;
“once”的含义为“曾经”;
“counton”的含义为“依赖,指望”;
“hardwork and fair play”的含义为“努力工作与公平竞争”;
“to keep itself financially secure”为不定式作目的状语;
“keep...secure”的含义为“保持…安全”;
“itself financially”的含义为“其自身经济方面的”,所以“ keep itself financially secure”翻译为“保持其自身经济方面的安全”;
由于定语从句较长,内容较为复杂,所以可以将其从修饰语的位置上剥离出来,单独成句。
🍁第二分句翻译为:他们(美国的中产阶级家庭)曾经依赖努力工作和公平竞争来保持其自身经济方面的安全;
🍭原文回顾
Duringthe past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count onhard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformedby economic risk and new realities.
🌻全句翻译为:在过去一代人的时间里,美国中产阶级家庭(状况)已经由于经济风险与新的现实而得以改变,他们(美国的中产阶级家庭)曾经依赖努力工作和公平竞争来保持其自身经济方面的安全。
或翻译为:美国的中产阶级家庭曾经依赖努力工作和公平竞争来保持其自身经济方面的安全,而在过去一代人的时间里,这种状况已经由于经济风险与新的现实而得以改变。
🐯句式结构考点:定语从句,难点词汇:“middle-classfamily”,“counton”,“fair play”;
🐌难度级别:🐷🐷🐷
明日长难句预告
Scholars,policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implicationsof these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risenas well.
🐙智慧点滴
Confidence……never deny yourself of it, for itcost you nothing and leads to great things.(by Vin Diesel, actor)
自信......绝不要拒绝它,因为它不花你一分钱却会助你成就伟大。(范 •迪塞尔演员)